Printers and print shops often ask for a file “at 300 DPI”. DPI is a note in the file that says how many pixels go into an inch when printed. This tool changes only that note: pixels, file size and quality stay the same, and JPG and PNG aren't re-compressed.
You see straight away how large the print will be. If you need a specific print size, resize in centimetres instead: the pixels are recalculated for the DPI you want.